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The mezzanine-level main entry fare control area of Harrison station is seen looking southwest in the unpaid area on July 28, 2014, the day it reopened after a complete renovation. The facility received new wall tiling and stainless steel finished, granite flooring, and a new ceiling and lighting, among other improvements. For a larger view, click here. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
Harrison
(600S/0E-W)
Harrison Street and State
Street, South Loop (Near South Side)
Service Notes:
Red Line: State Street Subway
Owl Service
Quick Facts:
Established: October 17, 1943
Address:
608 S. State Street (Harrison Street main entrance)
1 W. Polk Street (Polk Street auxiliary entrance)
Original Line: State Street Subway
Previous Names: none
Rebuilt: 2014
Skip-Stop Type:
Station (1949-1978)
Station (1978-1995)
Status: In Use
History:
Like all of the station's on the State Street Subway (except North/Clybourn), Harrison has a subterranean, mezzanine-level station fare control area accessible from the street by stairways. In an informational book published in October 1943 by the Department of Subways and Superhighways entitled Chicago Subways, the State Street Subway stations are described as "outstanding examples of modern architectural treatment."
The closed Polk exit from Harrison station, looking south on July 6, 1971. For a larger view, click here. (Photo from the CTA Collection) |
Harrison originally had an auxiliary exit to Polk Street at the south end of the island platform for the convenience of passengers using the station to get to Dearborn Station -- one-time passenger terminal for several railroads including the Santa Fe, Erie Railroad, Monon Route, Grand Trunk Western Railroad, Chicago and Eastern Illinois, and Wabash Railroad -- one block west. The exit consisted of stairs up to a mezzanine level, where there were rotogates in a hallway (there was no ticket agent or entry access here), then two sets of stairs to the street. They were built so that one of the two exit-only rotogates could replaced with a coin-operated entrance high-barrier gate, but this was never done here or at any of the auxiliary subway exits. By the 1960s, the auxiliary exit became a safety risk due to its lack of staffing, blind corners, and the changing neighborhood above it. In early April 1968, a woman, Mrs. Anabelle Koons, who'd moved to Chicago the previous month from Iowa, was fatally stabbed as she walked up Polk auxiliary exit stair. A little over three months later, on June 27, 1968, the Polk exit to Harrison was closed; the Ohio exit from Grand/State closed the same day.
As disinvestment set into the South Loop, the station was used less and some maintenance was deferred. On January 24, 1982, Harrison became a "part-time" station, with no service on night, weekends, and holidays to save the cost of the station ticket agent. The station's part-time status was repealed on July 9, 1995, due to the adjacent Roosevelt station's closure for renovation, after which the station would remained open 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
As part of a station adoption by Columbia College and Jones College Prep, students decorated the mezzanine and platform columns with colored shapes and poems cut in vinyl, such as this "L"-themed haiku in the mezzanine seen on September 20, 2008. For a larger view, click here. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
Today, the island platform has pretty good historic integrity and the mezzanine is intact structurally, but the finishes have been completely modified, leaving little of the original wall cladding left. Square white tiles were installed on the mezzanine wall surfaces circa 2000, replacing the original 1940s finishes. The stone agent booth were also clad with tiles. The entrances at street-level remained intact, with sign and advertising boxes encasing the original Art Deco entrance kiosk, until 2006. The closed Polk exit was hidden at platform level by a new storage room constructed at the south end of the platform at some undetermined time many years ago, while the street-level stairs were removed and paved over.
In 2006, the station name signs and column signs on the platform were replaced, with Green Line Graphic Standard signs replacing the KDR Standard graphics as part of a signage upgrade project on the Red Line. As part of this effort, the station also received granite compass roses inset into the sidewalk in front of the station entrances to assist customers leaving the station to navigate their way, and three-sided galvanized steel pylons in the mezzanine and on the platform to display maps and station timetables. Finally, the original 1943 street level entrance railings were replaced with new galvanized steel railings and Green Line Graphic Standard entrance signs.
In January 2008, nearby Columbia College and Jones College Prep adopted the Harrison station through the CTA's Adopt-A-Station program. As part of the adoption, students decorated the mezzanine and platform columns with colored shapes and poems cut in vinyl. Columbia officials decided on the "Harrison Haiku" theme at the suggestion of the college's English department. The vision was executed with the help of high school students from Jones, who were invited to submit haiku on city and urban themes over the last year. One, located in the mezzanine, is even "L"-related: "Why do people get/off at Clark & Lake? It's not/as great as it seems." Blossoms and blooms -- or at least graphic designs of them -- greet commuters as they enter and exit the station. The haiku are featured prominently between the large red flowers and bright green and white tiles. A dedication for the adoption and artwork was held at Harrison on January 30, 2008, celebrating completing the first phase of the Harrison Haiku project -- the poems in the mezzanine. Columbia and the CTA plan to expand the haiku and designs beyond the mezzanine onto the platform in Spring 2009.
Escalator Renewal and Polk Entrance Reopening
Continuing to upgrade and replace some of the oldest escalators in the "L" system, the CTA embarked in 2003 on a project to replace several downtown subway escalators. Decisions on which escalators receive rehab or replacement were based on the age of the escalator, the condition of the escalator and the volume of customers passing through the station. The escalators pegged for replacement included seven on the Red Line at Monroe, Jackson and Harrison stations, and two on the Blue Line at Washington and Monroe stations. On June 4, 2003, the Chicago Transit Board approved a $642,569 design contract for the escalator replacement project. The total project cost was $28.8 million, with a construction cost of $17.7 million. The Regional Transportation Authority and the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) provided capital funding for the design contract, while construction used FTA funds.
The Polk auxiliary entrance mezzanine, in its final unstaffed HBGs-only configuration, is seen looking east on November 16, 2009. For a larger view, click here. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
The work to replace the escalator at Harrison began in late 2008. At the same time, additional improvement work was undertaken at the station, including the installation of a new Customer Assistant booth in the main entrance mezzanine. The CTA also renovated and reopened the Polk auxiliary entrance to increase convenience for CTA customers in the burgeoning South Loop neighborhood and to provide additional egress capacity while the Harrison escalator is out of service for replacement. The Polk exit from the platform was reopened, as was the small mezzanine-level landing. Only one of the two stairways to the street -- to the southwest corner of Polk and State -- was reopened. The stair to the east side of State, south of Polk, was left closed. A new subway entrance kiosk was built at street-level. Funding for the renovations is provided through federal capital funds.
The Polk mezzanine was rehabilitated with new fare controls, lighting and signage. The original off-white wall tiling in the mezzanine and platform stairway and light brown/coffee-colored tiles in the stairway to the street was retained and cleaned, and the original red-stained concrete floors were painted dark red. A curtain wall with an access door was built in the east end of the mezzanine to conceal the unused stairway to the east side of State Street. The plan was for the Polk mezzanine to ultimately be an unstaffed auxiliary entrance equipped with High-Barrier Gate (HBG) turnstiles for farecard-only entry, making Polk the auxiliary entry to Harrison that was originally planned to allow for but never executed until now. However, while the escalator at the Harrison end of the station was closed for replacement, Polk was made a staffed entrance with normal turnstiles as well. The HBGs were positioned in the east half of the mezzanine, leaving a space in the west half to accommodate the standard turnstiles during the period of staffed operation -- thus, both types of turnstiles could be used simultaneously. When only the HBGs are present, the space to the west of them is filled by floor-to-ceiling metal fencing.
The Polk auxiliary entrance's decorative entrance kiosk, seen looking east on May 2, 2009, is based on a design used by CDOT at several of the subway stations they have renovated. For a larger view, click here. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
The new entrance kiosk uses a design the Chicago Department of Transportation (CDOT) has used at other subway stations they've renovated downtown, such as Jackson/Dearborn. The fully-enclosed kiosk that was used at Polk was previously typically only been used by CDOT to enclose escalators, while stairways have used a more open design without a canopy covering the entire kiosk. The enclosed kiosk with a full canopy affords better protection from the elements in inclement weather. (CDOT would later use enclosed kiosks to cover all four stairways at the LaSalle Blue Line subway station.) The kiosks are designed in a neo-Art Nouveau style, with a cast metal structure and compound-curve canopy with a curved eave overhanging the front opening of the kiosk. The canopy and upper portions of the side and back walls are glass, while the bottom portions of the walls are metal panels cast with a decorative floral motif. Other decorative embellishments, as well as the overall shape of the kiosks, also evoke the organic character of the Art Nouveau style, albeit with a modern execution (most starkly embodied in the kiosks' all-black coloring).
At 12 noon on February 9, 2009, the new auxiliary entrance at Polk Street opened, operated as an unstaffed entrance with entrance through two HBGs. The entrance closed again about three months later, on Monday, May 4, to allow crews install the regular turnstiles allow the Polk entrance to serve as the primary entrance for the next several months while the platform-to-mezzanine escalator at the Harrison end of the station was closed and rebuilt. A small plywood booth was also built in the Polk mezzanine against the south wall for the Customer Assistant. The Polk auxiliary entrance reopened on Monday, May 11, as the primary entrance. At that time, the Harrison Street entrance closed for five months, but remained available for emergency exiting.
The Harrison Street mezzanine is seen looking west on May 27, 2014. The stainless steel attendant's booth was installed in 2009 when the escalator was replaced; the outline of the original 1943 booth is visible on the floor between the new booth and the turnstiles. For a larger view, click here. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
The main entrance at Harrison Street reopened at 4am, Wednesday, September 9, 2009, following the replacement of the escalator. The original ticket agent's kiosk was also removed and replaced, primarily because the new escalator had a longer landing than the original one, which caused the kiosk to interfere with the passenger circulation path from the new escalator. The new stainless steel Customer assistant kiosk of the type used at the new Brown Line stations, featuring stainless steel lower panels and roof and glass panels around the sides for a high level of visibility, and was located northwest of where the original booth has been located.
The Polk Street entrance closed temporarily from 11pm, Wednesday, September 16 until 4pm, Friday, September 18, while the contractor, FH Paschen, removed the temporary wooden Customer Assistant booth and regular low turnstiles, leaving only the HBG turnstiles. On Friday afternoon, September 18, 2009, the Polk Street entrance returned to being an auxiliary farecard-only entrance and exit for the station.
Station Renovation
Reinforcing development and residential population increases over the last decade, the City announced $65 million worth of infrastructure projects on Near South Side in Autumn 2012. Among the projects are the renovation the Harrison Red Line subway station in 2014 at a cost of $10 million and rehabilitating the Orange Line elevated tracks between Clark and State, beginning in 2013, with a $25 million price tag, $11.5 million of it generated by a surrounding tax-increment-financing (TIF) district.1
Construction contractor crews work feverishly on the renovation of the Harrison Street mezzanine during the entrance's closure for improvement, seen looking southwest on July 15, 2014. For a larger view, click here. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
CTA forces undertook significant cosmetic improvements at the station, such as repainting the platform walls and ceiling white and improved lighting by adding rows of fixtures along the tube walls, in 2013. The TIF-funded $10 million rehab in 2014 involved deeper structural work, including waterproofing, new flooring, stair and column repairs, repairing all three entrances.2
The $10 million Harrison Red Line station rehabilitation construction began on Monday, April 14, 2014, with the temporary closure of the station's Polk auxiliary entrance. Improvements include structural and cosmetic repairs that will upgrade the 70-year-old facility and its entrances. Work includes building two new street-level entrance canopies at the Harrison Street entrance; repairs to all three station stairways (two at the Harrison entrance, one at the Polk entrance); waterproofing to reduce pooling of water in mezzanine and platform areas; installation of new granite flooring in the mezzanines and on the platform; new wall tiling in the mezzanines; new lighting throughout the station; installation of new high-definition surveillance cameras; more new Train Tracker displays; new public address system; and updated system signage throughout the station and entrances. Upon completion of all project work, the Harrison station will be the first rail station fully-equipped with all new, brighter and more energy efficient LED lighting throughout.3 4
One of the two new stairway kiosks at the Harrison Street entrance is seen looking south on July 28, 2014. The enclosure's clean lines and modern design are meant to evoke the architecture of the also-new Jones Prep school building, visible in the background. For a larger view, click here. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
In an effort to better reflect the surrounding community and the adjacent Jones College Prep High School, the CTA incorporated new colors and modern design elements into the station project plans that are unlike any other seen across the rail system, such as the newly constructed stairwell canopies and the random pattern ceramic tile installed along the stairwells, mezzanine and platform walls.5 The "contemporary," random-tile pattern in the station and stairwells is meant to "reflect the community,'' which includes students of Jones College Prep, according to the CTA.6
The renovate the mezzanines, each entrance was completely closed on a temporary basis to allow work to proceed more quickly and effectively, though not at the same time. The Polk Street entrance was the first to temporarily close, for 42 days beginning at 4am, Monday, April 14, 2014 while crews performed rehabilitation work in the mezzanine area of the auxiliary entrance and on the south end of the platform. It was scheduled to reopen at 4am, Monday, May 26,7 but was finished early and reopened at 6pm, Sunday, May 25.
The Polk Street auxiliary entrance is seen looking east after renovation on May 27, 2014. Improvements included new wall tiling and new granite flooring. For a larger view, click here. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
Next, the Harrison entrance closed at 4am, Monday, June 16 for 42 days while crews perform rehabilitation work in the mezzanine area and on the north end of the platform. While the main entrances were closed, workers built the two new street-level entrance canopies, made structural and replacing the flooring, wall tiling, ceiling, lighting and signage. By early July, this work was in progress, with the structures for the new entrance kiosks under construction and installation of the granite flooring, wall tiling, and new conduits and systems in the mezzanine underway. This work was completed in time to allow the main entrance to re-open as scheduled at 4am, Monday, July 28, 2014.
In addition, to allow crews to perform more comprehensive work throughout the station, or in central areas that cannot be cordoned off in a way that still allows passenger use of the station such as on or over the platform, the entire Harrison station will be temporarily closed over five weekends in May and June, from 11pm Friday to 4am Monday each weekend: May 2-5; May 9-12; May 16-19; May 30-June 2; and June 6-9,8 though on the last weekend work was finished early and the station reopened around 1:15am, Sunday, June 8.
On August 13, 2014, Mayor Rahm Emanuel and CTA President Forrest Claypool unveiled the modernization project to upgrade the 70-year old station at a media event at the station. The project was funded solely with tax increment financing (TIF) monies available through Mayor Emanuel's Chicago Neighborhoods Now program.
The island platform at Harrison station is seen looking south on July 28, 2014, toward the end of its renovation. The platform received new granite flooring, work to seal water leaks along the ceiling vault, new lighting and signage, and new paint. For a larger view, click here. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison04.jpg (60k) The island platform at Harrison looking south on July 26, 2002. With the exception of some new lights and signs and a white paint job, the platform is still substantially as-built in 1943. (Photo by Andrew Stiffler) |
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harrison.polk10.jpg (170k) Demolition of the original 1940s wall tiling in the Polk Street mezzanine is underway in this April 14, 2014 view, taking the walls down to their structural shells after which new electrical and communications systems and wall tiling would be applied. Efforts was made to remove the tile sign directing passengers to Dearborn Station in one piece for preservation, but while it was salvaged it could not be removed in one piece. (CTA photo) |
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harrison.polk11.jpg (170k) Contractors work at the south end of the Harrison station island platform, near the Polk Street exit, to remove the concrete flooring so prepare it for the installation of new granite pavers, looking north on April 14, 2014. (CTA photo) |
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harrison.polk12.jpg (155k) The walls around the stairs to the Polk Street mezzanine were completely demolished and rebuilt in the renovation project. Their removal reveals a column, like those along the platform edges farther down, behind the wall. Installation of the new CMU bricks to form the structure of the walls onto which the new tiling will be applied is underway in this view looking south on April 22, 2014. (CTA photo) |
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harrison.polk13.jpg (143k) Masons work to install the new wall tiling inside the Polk Street mezzanine while another contractor applies the finish coat to the new ceiling in this May 2014 view looking west. (CTA photo) |
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harrison11.jpg (181k) Installation of new granite flooring on the Harrison platform is progressing in this May 27, 2014 view, as a Howard-bound train stops in the station. The ceiling in this area has been sealed and repainted, and just awaits its new lighting fixtures. The gray columns on the left have been primed and are awaiting repainting. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison.polk14.jpg (195k) The new wall tiling, granite flooring on the platform, signage, and stainless steel stair railings are all complete and in place at the exit to the Polk Street mezzanine at the south end of the Harrison station platform, looking south on May 27, 2014. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison.polk16.jpg (197k) The renovated Polk Street mezzanine at Harrison station, with its new flooring, wall tiling, ceiling, lighting and Transit Information Panel, are seen looking west in the unpaid area on May 27, 2014. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison.polk17.jpg (214k) The two High-Barrier Gate (HBG) turnstiles that provide both entry and exit at the Polk Street mezzanine are seen from the paid area, from the perspective seen coming to the top of the stairs from the platform, on May 27, 2014. Because the HBGs move slowly and can only accommodate one or two people exiting at a time, limiting their capacity, crashbar emergency exit doors are also provided to comply with fire-code egress requirements. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison.polk18.jpg (220k) The corridor leading from the stairway from Polk Street to the mezzanine fare control area is seen looking east from the bottom of the stairs on May 27, 2014. The renovation provided new wall tiling, granite floors, ceiling and lighting, as well as improved draining and new grates along the walls. The wet floors and condensation on the ceiling are the result of rains overnight before the mezzanine reopened after renovation, combined with it having been power-washed just before reopening. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison12.jpg (177k) As an island platform station, Harrison never had much wall tiling at platform level even as originally built. This area, along the sides of the stairs and escalator to the Harrison Street mezzanine, were some of the few areas with solid walls clad in the off-white glazed block finishes typical of the subway platform walls. Like other State Street Subway stations, the tiling included a colored band along the top and the station name inset in the blocks, colored in the station's signature color, brown. This wall along the northbound track, seen on May 27, 2014, would soon be demolished for renovation. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison16.jpg (304k) Its concrete base and steel structure in place, contractors work on erecting the forms to pour a new concrete sidewalk around the new entrance kiosk to the Harrison Street subway mezzanine on the west side of the State Street, looking north on July 15, 2014. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison17.jpg (287k) Work is underway to build the new modern entrance kiosk over the east stairs to the Harrison fare control mezzanine, looking east on July 15, 2014. The steelwork is in place for the kiosk, and rebar is being set in advance of pouring a concrete base for the stairway canopy. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison19.jpg (181k) The north end of the Harrison platform is nearing the end of its renovation in this July 15, 2014 view, with many of its improvements -- new granite flooring, sealed and painted ceiling, new lighting, new glazed block tiling on the walls around the stairs and escalator to the mezzanine -- already in place. New signage, completion of light work on the escalator, and cleaning still need to be done. The original Deco backlit signs over the stairs would not be retained, and would be removed and salvaged before the work was completed. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison20.jpg (130k) As part of the renovation, the Harrison station received new tabs for its station name signs providing directional information to the two exits, and directional line diagrams on the tunnel walls for system wayfinding and journal planning, both seen looking east on the northbound tunnel wall on July 28, 2014. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison23.jpg (195k) The Harrison Street mezzanine is seen looking east on July 28, 2014, the morning it reopened after renovation. The new granite floors, white glazed block tile walls with their random color pattern, stainless steel-shrouded columns, lighting and ceiling give the facility a brighter, refreshed feel. One farecard vending machine was provided for reopening morning, but additional machines would soon be moved over from the Polk Street mezzanine, where they had been used during the Harrison entrance's temporary closure. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison24.jpg (219k) Looking up toward the bright morning sky through the translucent roof of the stair kiosk, the glass walls and ceiling of the new entrance canopies and the white tiling with colored pattern give the stairway entrances from street-level to the mezzanine at Harrison a light feel, seen in this July 28, 2014 view. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison25.jpg (246k) The new entrance kiosk on the west side of State Street is seen looking south on July 28, 2014, reopening day for the Harrison Street entrance. Note the digital advertising screen designed into the back of the structure, which shows revenue-producing advertising as well as train arrival times as it is in this view. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison26.jpg (252k) The modern-style entrance canopy over the east stairs to the Harrison station main entrance is seen looking southeast on July 28, 2014. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
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harrison27.jpg (283k) The two new stairway kiosks at the Harrison Street entrance to the Harrison station, the west canopy's red steel frame easily visible across State Street through the foliage in the median planter, are seen looking northwest on July 28, 2014, the day the station reopened after renovation. The kiosks were intended to be signature pieces in the renovated station;'s design. Digital advertising/infirmation screens as backlit entrance signs were integrated into the design of the canopies' back wall. (Photo by Graham Garfield) |
1. Spielman, Fran. "Mayor highlights $65 million in projects on Near South Side". Chicago Sun-Times. October 1, 2012.
2. "Mayor Emanuel Breaks Ground for Cermak Avenue Green Line Station." CTA press release, August 29, 2013.
3. "CTA Begins Work on Harrison Station, Orange Line Track Projects on Near South Side," CTA press release, April 10, 2014.
4. "Harrison Station Rehabilitation," CTA web site: http://www.transitchicago.com/harrisonrehab. Accessed April 12, 2014
5. "Mayor Emanuel and CTA Unveil Revitalized Harrison Red Line Station Following $10 Million Rehabilitation Project," CTA press release, August 13, 2014.
6. Rossi, Rosiland, "Renovated Harrison Street station shows off CTA's new model". Politics Early & Often blog, politics.suntimes.com, Aughust 13, 2014. Accessed August 14, 2014.
7
. CTA web site, ibid.
8. Ibid.